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Tulu (Tulu: )〔 Tulu can be written in three different scripts: (unicode:''Tuḷu bāse'') is written in Tulu script, (カンナダ語:ತುಳು ಬಾಸೆ) in Kannada script . (unicode:''bhāṣe''), , ''bhāśe'', and ''bāśe'' are alternative spellings for the Tulu word ''bāse'' in the Kannada script. The correct spelling for the word “language” in Kannada is (カンナダ語:ಭಾಷೆ) (unicode:''bhāṣe''), but that is not necessarily true in Tulu. Männer’s ''Tulu-English and English-Tulu Dictionary'' (1886) says, “ bāšè, bāsè, ''see'' .” (vol. 1, p. 478), “ bhāšè, bhāshè, ''s''. Speech, language.” (vol. 1, p. 508), meaning that the four spellings are more or less acceptable. The word is actually pronounced ''bāse'' in Tulu. Note that š and sh in his dictionary correspond to ''ś'' and (unicode:''ṣ''), respectively, in ISO 15919. 〕 is a language spoken by around 2 million native speakers mainly in the southwest part of Indian state of Karnataka and a small part of northern Kerala, which is known as Tulu Nadu. It belongs to the Dravidian family of languages. In India, circa 2 million people speak it as their native language (2011 estimation), they were 1,722,768 in 2001〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Language/Statement1.htm )〕 increased by 10 percent over the 1991 census.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.ciil.org/Main/Languages/tribal.htm )〕 According to one estimate reported in 2009, Tulu is currently spoken by three to five million native speakers in the world. Native speakers of Tulu are referred to as Tuluva or Tulu people. Separated early from Proto-South Dravidian,〔"(Language Family Trees: Dravidian, Southern )", ''Ethnologue'' (16th ed.).〕 Tulu has several features not found in Tamil–Kannada. For example, it has the pluperfect and the future perfect, like French or Spanish, but formed without an auxiliary verb. Robert Caldwell, in his pioneering work ''A Comparative Grammar of the Dravidian or South-Indian family of languages'', called this language "peculiar and very interesting". According to him, "(unicode:Tuḷu) is one of the most highly developed languages of the Dravidian family. It looks as if it had been cultivated for its own sake."〔Caldwell (1856), p. 35.〕 The language has a lot of written literature and a rich oral literature such as the Epic of Siri. Tulu is the primary spoken language in Tulu Nadu, a region comprising the districts of Udupi and Dakshina Kannada in the west of the state of Karnataka and Kasaragod taluk of Kerala. Apart from Tulu Nadu, a significant emigrant population of Tuluva people is found in Maharashtra,〔 Bangalore, Anglosphere, United States, and the Gulf countries.〔 Non-native speakers such as the Konkani-speaking Mangalorean Catholics, Gowda Saraswath Brahmins, Karhade Brahmins, Havyaka Brahmins and Daivajnas, as well as the Beary people in Tulu Nadu are generally well-versed in the language. Apart from Kannada script, Historically Tulu Brahmins used Tigalari script mainly used to write Sanskrit, but some Tulu works are available. A Wikipedia in Tulu is currently being developed.〔http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/tulu-wikipedia-in-incubation-stage-600-articles-uploaded-says-ub-pavanaja/article6636113.ece?homepage=true〕 ==Classification== (詳細はDravidian languages. It descends directly from Proto-Southern Dravidian, which in turn descends directly from Proto-Dravidian, the hypothesised mother language from which all Dravidian languages descend. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tulu language」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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